Biofuels

Biofuel (ethanol)

Ethanol is a biofuel produced from vegetable raw materials (sugar cane or corn). There are two basic types of ethanol: hydrated and anhydrous.

Hydrated Ethanol is a biofuel used in internal combustion engines with spark ignition (Otto Cycle) mainly replacing gasoline.

Anhydrous Ethanol is used in a mixture with Gasoline (USA: E15, with 15% anhydrous ethanol plus gasoline; in Brazil: E30, with 30% anhydrous ethanol plus gasoline)

Ethanol is a biofuel also used in various applications and industries: Pharmaceuticals, Chemicals, Cosmetics, Beverages and Exports.

Biofuel (Biodiesel)

Biodiesel is a less polluting biofuel than fossil fuels, produced from renewable sources, such as vegetable oils and animal fats.

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel obtained from a transesterification process. The triglycerides present in oils react with a primary alcohol, methanol or ethanol, generating two products: the ester and glycerin.

Biodiesel can totally or partially replace mineral diesel oil in diesel cycle engines (trucks, buses, tractors, etc.). By partially replacing diesel oil, biodiesel is used as a complementary fuel, which helps to reduce polluting gas emissions.

Green Diesel or Renewable Diesel (HVO – Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil)

Renewable diesel, or HVO ((Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil), is produced through a hydrotreatment process. The result is green diesel that has a similar chemical composition to fossil diesel.

HVO is manufactured through the hydrotreatment of residual vegetable oils and fats. 

During this process, hydrogen removes oxygen from vegetable oil molecules and splits them into separate hydrocarbon chains. The resulting fuel is functionally identical to diesel, meaning HVO can be used as a direct and immediate alternative.

SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel)

SAF offers the performance of conventional jet fuel but with a significantly lower carbon footprint on a life cycle basis. 

The use of SAF reduces greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% over the fuel's life cycle, compared to the use of fossil aviation fuel. 

It is produced from 100% renewable, sustainably sourced waste and residual raw materials, including used cooking oil and animal fat waste. 

Before use, SAF is blended with conventional aviation fuel and works seamlessly with existing fueling infrastructure and aircraft engines.

Green Hydrogen

Green hydrogen (H2V) is obtained through the electrolysis of water, using clean and renewable energy, without CO2 emissions. This process separates hydrogen and oxygen from water using electrical current, requiring clean sources such as solar, hydro or wind.

Green hydrogen can be used directly as fuel in fuel cells, in addition to serving as a raw material for the synthesis of other products, such as green ammonia, steel and methanol.

In Brazil, green hydrogen can be used to store renewable energy in periods of high production and low electrical demand.